I totally disagree with Charlie. There is a ton of good burgundy at $30-50 that is cellar worthy, though it won’t satisfy the “went deep on Rousseau baby!” crowd. The first question is what kind of burg you like, since the styles vary wildly. The second question is if you like your burgs young and fruity or at maturity.
At your price point, you’ll mainly be buying in the cote de beaune. The first thing I suggest is buying a couple of mid level CdB 1999s - nothing fancy, just competent producers from low-level 1ers. The 1999s at that level are starting to come around and should give you an idea if you like mature burgs, and should be available in that price range. Alternatively, you may find some decent 2000s that can do the same from the Cote de Nuits; maybe a decent marsannay from Roty or Clair, or a mid level village wine from elsewhere in the CdN.
You may find that mature burg is not for you. In that case, you know to focus your buying on current releases and early drinkers. If the older stuff scratches the itch, then you have a more complex problem on your hands.
Then, you should try to buy some younger burgs in varying styles. Even at the Bourgogne level, which will be well within your price point, you’ll see wide variations in style from, eg, Lafarge to Angerville to Chandon de Briailles to Comte Armand, just to name some good CdB producers from all over the stylistic spectrum. There’s a ton of good negociant wine in that price range, too - village and lesser 1ers from Drouhin, Faiveley, Jadot, Bouchard, each of which have their own house style.
At some point, you’ll start to get a sense of what you like. Then - and only then - does it make sense to start cutting back on quantity for quality, because you’ll have a palate that can appreciate the diff between a wine from an extraordinary spot of earth and a bourgogne.
One more point: don’t be a slave to producer. There is nothing more important in burgundy than avoiding the bad producers, but the margins between the competent producers are very fine indeed and personal preference prevails over objective quality, whatever that means. It’s far more important to follow your palate than to chase labels. And the QPR in burgundy is such that you don’t have much of a choice but to identify producers that are delicious to you but aren’t faddish.